HealthLink: Clinical implications of obesity on cardiovascular disease
On November 2nd, 2004, the American Heart Association published a scientific statement on the “Clinical Implications of Obesity With Specific Focus on Cardiovascular Disease.” This statement reviews the relationship between obesity and coronary heart disease (CHD), evaluates the effect of weight loss on CHD risk factors and CHD, and provides practical weight management and treatment guidelines for cardiovascular healthcare professionals.
This AHA report states: “the data demonstrate that weight loss and physical activity can prevent and treat obesity-related coronary heart disease risk factors and should be considered a primary therapy for obese patients with cardiovascular disease.” Weight loss can improve or prevent dyslipidemia, hypertension, inflammation, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. These metabolic benefits can often be achieved with modest weight loss of about 5% of initial weight and continue to improve with increasing weight loss.
The report reviews the effectiveness of various dietary interventions including low calorie and very low calorie diets, low fat and low carbohydrate diets, low energy density foods and portion control. The report provides guidelines for calorie intake based on a patient’s initial body weight and suggested macronutrient composition for weight loss diets. Behavioural strategies to improve weight management and the role of physical activity are highlighted. The report also reviews drug therapy, herbal products and bariatric surgery for the treatment of obesity.
Treatment guidelines and therapeutic options are proposed. Referral to a dietitian or reputable weight loss program is recommended, when possible.
CONSUMER TIPS:
- Even modest weight loss can help reduce your risk of heart disease.
- Reducing energy intake through diet is the key to initial weight loss.
- Regular physical activity is important for maintaining weight loss.
HealthLink is an e-mail newsletter from the team of registered dietitians at the Beef Information Centre: a non-profit organization committed to provide credible and timely information. Please share it with colleagues.
WANT TO LEARN MORE? The full AHA statement is available online at:
AHA Scientific Statement
“Eat Well, Live Well”
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